Penetration Testing: Early Detection of Security Risks to Protect Critical Data

Digitalization is making its mark across industries, from chemicals and pharmaceuticals to automotive, finance, insurance, and SMEs. Everywhere, processes are being digitized, systems are being networked, and data is being moved to the cloud. This creates new attack vectors for cybercriminals. Our Cybersecurity Trends 2024 highlight that cyberattacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated and can threaten the existence of companies. Growing regulation, which even mandates penetration testing, underscores the need to protect data as a valuable asset. Executives and IT managers must therefore develop new approaches to cybersecurity and data protection.

 

Key Facts About Cyberattacks for 2023

 

Overview of Penetration Testing Methods

 

External Penetration Test

Internal Penetration Test

Source Code Analysis

Remote Penetration Test Hack Box

Web Application Testing

An external penetration test is a specialized type of security assessment aimed at identifying and evaluating vulnerabilities in a company's externally accessible systems. It simulates a realistic cyberattack to test the effectiveness of security measures and identify potential entry points for hackers.

Our process includes the following steps:

  1. Information Gathering: At the beginning of the test, our experts gather all relevant information about your publicly accessible systems, such as websites, email servers, and network services.
  2. Vulnerability Analysis: The tester then identifies potential vulnerabilities, such as outdated software or misconfigurations, that are externally accessible.
  3. Exploitation: The identified vulnerabilities are exploited to see how far an attacker could penetrate the network. Various techniques are used, including bypassing firewalls and exploiting security flaws in web applications.
  4. Reporting and Recommendations: After completing the test, you receive a detailed report documenting the identified vulnerabilities and the tests conducted. The report includes clear, actionable recommendations for addressing the vulnerabilities to strengthen your security measures.

    Such a test should be conducted regularly, especially after major changes to network components or IT security policies, to ensure all systems are secure and effectively protected against attacks. Our experts are always available to review your systems and protect you from potential threats.

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An internal penetration test is an in-depth security check aimed at identifying vulnerabilities within your corporate network. Unlike an external penetration test, which focuses on externally accessible systems, this test simulates an attack from someone who already has access to your internal network. The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of your internal security measures and uncover potential risks.

Our process includes the following steps:

  1. Information Gathering: Our experts begin by thoroughly collecting relevant data about your internal systems, including servers, workstations, and network devices.
  2. Vulnerability Analysis: This is followed by the identification of security gaps within the network. Internal applications and databases are particularly scrutinized to detect vulnerabilities such as insufficient access rights or outdated system components.
  3. Exploitation: The identified vulnerabilities are exploited to test how far a potential attacker could penetrate the network and what sensitive data they could access.
  4. Reporting and Recommendations: Upon completion of the test, you receive a comprehensive report detailing all identified vulnerabilities and the attack simulations conducted. We also provide clear recommendations for addressing the vulnerabilities to improve your network security.

It is recommended to conduct regular internal penetration tests, especially after major network changes or updates to IT security policies. This practice ensures that your internal security measures are always up to date and effectively protect against threats. Our experts are here to help you continuously enhance the resilience of your systems and ensure comprehensive protection.

 

Source code analysis is a critical procedure for ensuring software security, aimed at identifying vulnerabilities in your application's source code before it goes live. This process is crucial to ensure that your software is free from security flaws that could be exploited by attackers.

Our process includes the following steps:

  1. Code Collection: Our experts begin with a detailed review of your entire codebase to gather all relevant information and structures. This includes both frontend and backend components of your software.
  2. Automated and Manual Analysis: We use advanced tools for automated code review to efficiently identify potential vulnerabilities such as SQL injections, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and other known security risks. Additionally, our security experts conduct a manual review to detect more complex security flaws that automated systems might miss.
  3. Vulnerability Assessment: After identifying vulnerabilities, we assess their severity and potential impact on your application and business to prioritize remediation efforts.
  4. Reporting and Improvement Suggestions: You receive a detailed report listing all identified vulnerabilities, including an assessment of their risks and recommendations for improving the security of your code.
  5. Follow-Up and Compliance: After implementing the recommended changes, we conduct a follow-up analysis to ensure all fixes are effective and your software complies with current security standards.

Regular source code analysis is particularly important in dynamic development environments where new features and updates are continuously implemented. Our experts support you in continuously improving the security of your applications and proactively managing risks.

 

A remote penetration test, often conducted using a so-called "hack box," is an innovative method for testing IT security where our experts do not need to be on-site to evaluate your organization's network security. This method allows realistic cyberattacks to be conducted remotely to identify and assess vulnerabilities in your network infrastructure.

Our process includes the following steps:

  1. Hack Box Setup: We configure a specialized hardware or software solution (hack box) that is securely placed in your network. This box is designed to be remotely controlled by our security experts.
  2. Remote Access and Test Execution: After activating the hack box, our experts begin conducting the penetration test remotely. They use a variety of techniques and tools to test your systems for security flaws, including checking for known vulnerabilities and simulating attack scenarios.
  3. Vulnerability Analysis and Exploitation: If vulnerabilities are discovered, our testers attempt to exploit them to demonstrate the potential impact of a real attack. This phase is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of your current security measures.
  4. Reporting and Recommendations: Upon completion of the test, you receive a comprehensive report detailing the identified vulnerabilities, the attacks conducted, and the test results. The report also includes specific recommendations for addressing the identified issues.
  5. Follow-Up and Implementation Support: We not only provide reports but also actively support you in implementing the recommended security improvements.


Remote penetration tests are particularly valuable for companies with multiple locations or remote employees, as they provide a thorough and cost-effective way to ensure network security without the physical presence of security experts.

Web application testing is a critical component of cybersecurity aimed at identifying security gaps and vulnerabilities in your web applications before they can be exploited by attackers. This process involves a thorough review of both the frontend and backend components of your web applications.

Our approach includes the following steps:

  1. Application Environment Collection and Analysis: First, we gather information about the architecture of the web application, including technologies, frameworks, and data flows. This phase helps us develop a comprehensive understanding of the application and its functionality.
  2. Identification of Security Risks: We use a combination of automated tools and manual techniques to identify a variety of potential security risks, including SQL injection, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), and other OWASP Top 10 risks.
  3. Vulnerability Assessment and Exploitation: After identifying the risks, we assess their severity and attempt to exploit them to understand the potential impact on your application. These tests demonstrate how an attacker could exploit the vulnerabilities.
  4. Documentation and Reporting: You receive a detailed report that includes all identified vulnerabilities, the tests conducted, and the security risks found. This report provides clear and practical recommendations for addressing the vulnerabilities.
  5. Follow-Up and Compliance: After addressing the vulnerabilities, we conduct a follow-up review to ensure all fixes are effectively implemented and the application complies with security standards.

Regular web application testing is crucial to ensure the security of your online presence and minimize the risk of data breaches and other security incidents. Our experts provide ongoing support to keep your web applications secure and up to date.

 

Rely on PIAQ's Expertise for Penetration Testing

At PIAQ, we offer comprehensive penetration testing for various aspects of your IT infrastructure. Our services extend to applications, networks, infrastructures, embedded systems, online shops, intranets, IoT devices, and custom-developed software. Our approach is holistic, considering technical as well as organizational, procedural, and human aspects of IT security. In addition to technical reviews, we also conduct phishing simulations, red team campaigns, and security assessments. Our experts identify and address vulnerabilities to maximize your security and strengthen customer trust. With PIAQ, you choose a partner that brings security to your system.

 

Process Flow for Penetration Testing with PIAQ Experts in 5 Steps

 

  • 1 - Requirement Analysis

    First, we determine how your IT infrastructure is structured and what your company needs. We define the goals of our tests and identify the critical systems.

  • 2 - Information Gathering

    We collect data about your networks and applications to uncover potential vulnerabilities. In this phase, we also identify publicly available information that could be used for attacks.

  • 3 - Vulnerability Analysis

    Our experts use advanced scanning tools to uncover security risks. These include both automated and manual procedures to ensure a thorough review.

  • 4 - Exploitation

    In this phase, our security experts deliberately exploit the identified vulnerabilities to demonstrate the potential impact of a real attack.

  • 5 - Reporting

    Once the tests are completed, we provide you with a comprehensive report. This includes a detailed list of the discovered security gaps, an assessment of the associated risks, and tailored recommendations to strengthen your cyber defenses.

    Through this methodical approach, we ensure that your IT systems are well-prepared against cyberattacks and your critical data remains securely protected.

 
FAQ – Learn More About Penetration Testing

Do you want to learn more about penetration testing? Our experts have answered the most important questions for you.

A penetration test, also known as a pen test or ethical hacking, is a security measure where a cybersecurity expert attempts to find and exploit vulnerabilities in a computer system. The goal is to identify security gaps before attackers do, so they can be addressed by the organization.

The cost of a penetration test can vary widely and typically ranges between €6,000 and €45,000. Factors influencing the cost include the scope of the test, the complexity of the systems being tested, and the specific security requirements of the organization.

The main risks include potential system outages or data loss during the testing process. However, these risks can be significantly mitigated by using experienced and qualified testers.

The duration of a penetration test can vary but typically includes an active testing window of 3 to 10 days. Including preparation activities and reporting, the entire engagement can take 2.5 to 4 weeks.

Penetration testing offers numerous benefits for companies by playing a crucial role in their cybersecurity strategy. Here are some of the key benefits:

  1. Identification and remediation of vulnerabilities
  2. Avoidance of financial losses due to cyberattacks
  3. Compliance with legal and regulatory requirements
  4. Protection of customer data and company reputation
  5. Improvement of security strategies and protocols
  6. Preparation for real attack scenarios

Through regular penetration tests, companies can not only strengthen their technical infrastructure but also create a stronger awareness of security risks across the organization.

Penetration tests help organizations identify and address security gaps, thereby improving their overall security posture. They are a critical component of a comprehensive security strategy and provide assurance that the organization's defenses can withstand a cyberattack.

It is generally recommended to conduct penetration tests annually or whenever significant changes are made to your IT systems or applications. Some regulations may require more frequent testing depending on the industry and data sensitivity.

Organizations can conduct their own penetration tests if they have the necessary expertise. However, some regulations may require independent third-party testing to ensure unbiased results.
 
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